English 24
Notes on Carol Gilligan’s
Nancy Chodorow--feminine
personality defines itself in relation and connection to other people more than
masculine personality does.
Gender identity is firmly established by the time a child is around
three.
Girls establish their gender identity through attachment and
identification with their mothers.
Boys establish their gender identity through separation and individuation
from their mothers.
Erikson defines adolescence
as the fifth stage of psychosocial development.
At this stage the adolescent forms a coherent sense of self and verifies
identity.
Erikson believes that females hold their identity in abeyance so that
they can attract a man by whose name she will be known, by whose status she will
be defined.
For men, identity formation precedes intimacy; for women identity
formation and intimacy are fused.
Women's
Roles
Caregivers
Females identify themselves in relation and connection to others; males
identify themselves in terms of how they are separate and different from
others.
Relationships versus Individuation
Games help to teach children rules and respect for others. Games also teach children how rules are
made and how they can be changed.
Girls like to play games in which they "take turns," in dyads, and when a
disagreement occurs in a girls' game, they generally stop the
game.
Boys play competitive games in group situations, and when a disagreement
occurs, boys fight it out.
To girls, the relationship with a friend takes precedence over winning a
game. To boys, winning is
everything.
Girls have a perceived conflict
between femininity and success.
Women tend to be more concerned about the opinion of
others.
Last updated on March 6, 2001